At the Law Office of John Freeman, our sex crimes defense lawyer can explain how prosecutors classify these cases to help you better understand the allegations and what to expect next.
Several Michigan laws may apply depending on your specific situation.
One of the most common charges is accosting, enticing, or soliciting a child for immoral purposes under MCL 750.145a. The statute applies when someone entices, accosts, encourages, or solicits a child under 16 (or someone they believe is under 16) to engage in gross indecency, sexual intercourse, or another immoral or delinquent act. A conviction is punishable by up to 4 years’ imprisonment, a fine of up to $4,000, or both.
If prosecutors allege that text messages, social media, dating apps, or other electronic communications were used to facilitate the offense, they may also charge with Using a Computer to Commit a Crime. This offense is separate from the underlying solicitation allegation, and the potential penalty generally depends on the felony the computer was allegedly used to commit.
If the investigation involves creating, requesting, possessing, or distributing sexually abusive images or recordings of a child, prosecutors may file charges involving Child Sexually Abusive Activity or Material under other provisions of MCL 752.361 et seq. These offenses often carry substantially more severe penalties than solicitation alone.
Many minor case solicitations begin with online communications. Investigations may stem from reports by parents, schools, internet service providers, or social media platforms. Others begin when undercover officers pose as minors in chat rooms, messaging apps, or online marketplaces.
Depending on where the alleged conduct occurred, the investigation may involve a local police department, a county sheriff’s office, or the Michigan State Police Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Force. Once investigators believe sufficient evidence exists, prosecutors may authorize criminal charges.
Although these cases are often grouped as “solicitation of a minor,” the specific charge can significantly affect the possible penalties, the prosecution’s burden of proof, and whether additional consequences, such as registration under Michigan’s Sex Offenders Registration Act (SORA), may apply for a qualifying conviction. It’s also common for prosecutors to file multiple charges arising from the same investigation when they believe the offender violated multiple laws.
Not every allegation involving communications with a minor is prosecuted under the same statute. The facts of the investigation, the evidence collected, and the specific charges filed all influence how a case moves through the criminal justice system.
If you’ve been accused of soliciting a minor, speaking with our sex crimes defense attorney in Michigan early can help you understand the allegations, the charges you’ve been accused of violating, and the next steps in your case. Arrange your no-charge case review with our Michigan sex crimes defense attorney at the Law Office of John Freeman by calling 248-519-2313 or contacting us online.
]]>If you haven’t hired a Michigan OWI defense attorney yet, contact the Law Office of John Freeman for legal guidance. Meanwhile, here’s what you can generally expect after getting arrested for a first-time DUI.
After an arrest, officers typically take you to a local police department, county jail, or detention facility for booking. This usually includes fingerprinting, photographs, recording personal information, and, in many cases, a breath, blood, or urine test. Where you’re taken depends on where the arrest occurred. In contrast, if you were arrested in Detroit, you may be processed through the Detroit Detention Center or a local precinct before appearing in court.
Depending on the circumstances, you may be released after posting bond or receiving an interim bond or remain in custody until your arraignment before a judge or magistrate. If you’re released after booking, it’s often a good idea to contact an OWI defense lawyer in Michigan as soon as possible to prepare for the next stages of your case.
Your arraignment is usually your first court appearance. During this hearing, the judge will explain the charges, advise you of your rights, address bond conditions, and ask for your plea. Most first-offense OWI cases begin in the district court serving the city or township where the arrest occurred.
If you haven’t already spoken with a DUI defense attorney, try to do so before your arraignment. They can explain the court process, discuss possible bond conditions, and help you understand what to expect at future hearings.
Your driver’s license may be suspended for 30 days if you are convicted (not just arrested) for OWI. However, different rules may apply if you refuse a chemical test. Under Michigan’s implied consent law, MCL 257.625c, refusing a lawful chemical test can trigger separate administrative penalties that affect your driving privileges, even if you were only arrested for OWI.
After your arraignment, the court may schedule one or more pretrial hearings. During this stage, the prosecutor and your attorney may exchange evidence, discuss a possible plea agreement, file motions challenging the evidence, or prepare for trial if your case can’t be resolved. The timeline varies depending on the court, the facts of the arrest, and the legal issues involved. Staying informed, attending every court date, complying with your bond conditions, and staying in contact with your Michigan OWI defense lawyer can help the process proceed as smoothly as possible.
While a first-time DUI arrest doesn’t equal a conviction, the steps you take after can significantly impact how prepared you are for what comes next. Find out how our Michigan OWI defense lawyer at the Law Office of John Freeman can help you by scheduling your complimentary case assessment online or calling our office at 248-519-2313.
]]>Michigan’s domestic assault law, MCL 750.81, applies when the alleged assault or assault and battery involves certain family or household relationships. The statute includes a current or former spouse, a qualifying household or family member, or a current or former dating partner.
Unlike what many people assume, a domestic assault charge doesn’t always require a serious injury. In many cases, prosecutors focus on the alleged conduct and the relationships among the people involved rather than on the extent of the injuries. For instance, if an argument between you and the person you’re currently dating turns physical, the case may be charged as domestic assault even if no one was seriously hurt.
Under MCL 750.81a, aggravated assault happens when someone assaults another person without using a weapon and causes a serious injury, but doesn’t intend to kill or cause great bodily harm. The focus is different from domestic assault; instead of the relationship between the people involved, aggravated assault centers on the seriousness of the alleged injuries. The people involved don’t have to be family members or dating partners.
For example, if two strangers get into a fight outside a business and one person suffers a broken jaw or another serious injury, prosecutors may pursue an aggravated assault charge.
The answer depends on your particular situation. In some cases, prosecutors may pursue multiple assault-related charges arising from the same incident. Whether that happens depends on the facts, the parties’ relationship, the alleged injuries, and the specific statutes prosecutors believe apply.
The penalties vary depending on the offense and, in some cases, a person’s prior convictions.
After your arrest, you’ll typically attend an arraignment where you’ll be informed of the charges and any bond conditions. Depending on the allegations, the court may issue a no-contact order while your case is pending. Prosecutors will continue gathering evidence, and the case may be resolved through negotiations or proceed to trial.
Having legal representation early in the process is vital. Our assault defense lawyer in Michigan can safeguard your rights, challenge the prosecution’s evidence, negotiate when appropriate, and prepare your case for court if necessary.
Domestic assault and aggravated assault may sound similar, but the facts behind each case and the legal consequences they carry can be very different. The relationship between the parties, the severity of the injuries, and the available evidence may all influence the outcome of your case. For your no-cost consultation, contact the Law Office of John Freeman at 248-519-2313 or online today.
]]>Electric bikes, also known as e-bikes, are bicycles that are equipped with a seat or paddle, fully operable pedals, and an electric motor of 750 watts or less. E-bikes are used for both transportation and recreational purposes. They make biking more accessible by allowing people to get around efficiently and affordably while supporting local economies.
Under Michigan law, a person riding an e-bike is subject to the same requirements and regulations as a person riding a bicycle. Michigan has created a three-class system that defines the different types of e-bikes. A class 1 e-bike is equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling. The motor disengages when the bike reaches 20 miles per hour. A class 2 e-bike is equipped with a motor that propels the bike whether the rider is pedaling or not. The motor disengages when the brakes are applied or when the throttle is released and can only travel up to 20 miles per hour. A class 3 e-bike is equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling. The motor disengages when the bike reaches 28 miles per hour. These classifications are used to determine how e-bikes are regulated.
Under Michigan law, manufacturers and distributors must permanently put labels onto e-bikes that indicate the classification number, wattage, and top assisted speed. Additionally, if an e-bike motor is modified in a way that changes its original classification or increases its wattage above 750 it can no longer be considered an e-bike. Any bike that falls outside of the standard e-bike definition is not considered an e-bike and may be treated as a motor vehicle. This includes bikes that have motors that exceed 750 watts, can go over 28 miles per hour, lack fully operable pedals, and bikes that function more like a throttle-powered vehicle. These types of bikes may not be allowed on bike paths or trails and can create safety concerns.
There are no age restrictions for class 1 and 2 e-bikes, but class 3 e-bikes have a minimum age requirement of 14. E-bike users are expected to follow the same traffic rules as traditional bicycles including obeying traffic signals, riding with traffic, and yielding for pedestrians. It is also recommended that e-bike riders use audible signals when passing others and slow down when passing or near other trail users. Some local municipalities require that e-bike riders wear helmets, otherwise they are not required but highly recommended.
Bicycles and e-bikes must have a lamp on the front that emits a white light visible from a distance of at least 500 feet from dusk to dawn. They must also have a red reflector on the back that is visible from 100 feet to 600 feet. A bicycle must also be equipped with a break that allows a person to make the wheels skid on dry, level and clean pavement. A person who violates these laws are responsible for a civil infraction.
Electric bikes are typically allowed anywhere regular bicycles are permitted such as roads, bike lanes, and shoulders. The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has its own regulations for e-bikes on DNR-managed trails. Class 1 e-bikes are allowed in state parks, recreation areas, and state forest pathways except for some areas within the Pigeon River Country. Class 2 e-bikes are allowed in all areas accessible to class 1 e-bikes if the rider has a DNR-issued permit. Class 3 e-bikes are not allowed on any state-managed trail. E-bike users should always check local rules and regulations before riding an e-bike on public roadways or recreational trails.
Yes. Current Michigan law classifies e-bikes as bicycles, not motor vehicles. Therefore, users do not need a license, registration, or insurance to operate an e-bike. Michigan laws are constantly evolving so be sure to stay up to date on changes regarding the classification of electric bicycles.
E-bike users can face several criminal charges while riding an e-bike such as operating while intoxicated, operating while visibly impaired, reckless driving, and careless driving. Although e-bikes are not classified as “motor vehicles” they do fit into the broader definition of a “vehicle.” Under Michigan law a vehicle is a device that transports people and are not exclusively moved by human power. Since e-bikes transport people and are not exclusively moved by human power they are considered vehicles.
The laws governing operating while intoxicated, operating while visibly impaired, reckless driving, and careless driving use the term “vehicle,” rather than “motor vehicle,” meaning that e-bikes are included among the types of vehicles subject to these laws and their associated penalties. Michigan courts have previously found people guilty of these crimes while using a snowmobile and an electric scooter. Since there hasn’t been a case involving an e-bike there are no exact standards for the consequences following these crimes.
If you’ve been charged with a crime while riding an e-bike, or have questions about how Michigan’s vehicle laws apply to your situation, don’t wait to get answers, contact the Law Office of John Freeman to learn about your rights and options.
Sources:
Michigan Legislature (MCL 257.662, MCL 257.662a)
Michigan Department of Natural Resources;
League of Michigan Bicyclists
This blog post is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws are subject to change, and the information provided may not reflect the most current legal developments. If you have questions about a specific legal situation, please consult with a licensed attorney.
]]>Recently, new species were added to the invasive species list in Michigan. This addition makes it illegal to sell, import, and introduce the species. There are different consequences for a violation involving a restricted species versus a prohibited species. A violation involving a restricted species is a misdemeanor and results in potential imprisonment for not more than two years. There may also be a fine between $1,000 and $10,000. A violation involving a prohibited species is a felony and results in potential imprisonment for not more than two years. There may also be a fine between $2,000 and $20,000.
The new invasive species include the water-hyacinth, water lettuce, Japanese barberry, glossy buckthorn, callery pear, and common buckthorn.
Invasive species are those that are not native and whose introduction causes harm, or is likely to cause harm to the economy, environment, or human health. Invasive species harm ecosystems by rapidly reproducing and spreading, allowing them to outcompete native species and disrupt the natural balance of the ecosystem.
Michigan’s Department of Agricultural and Rural Development (MDARD) created the Invasive Species Program to protect the state’s natural resources, agriculture, and economy. The program focuses on early detection, rapid response, and management of invasive species. This approach involves the use of Michigan’s Department of Natural Resources (DNR), Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE), federal partners, local governments, tribal communities, and the public.
The Invasive Species Program aims to prevent introductions of invasive species, detect and identify new infestations, and respond rapidly to contain and eradicate harmful species before they spread. The program prevents the introduction of invasive species through education and community outreach. It supports public awareness campaigns to ensure that the public understands the risks of invasive species and take proactive measures. The program also uses advanced diagnostics and monitoring to detect and identify new infestations.
The Invasive Species Program provides a list of prohibited and restricted species in the state of Michigan. There is also information that includes details for identifying invasive species and instructions on how to report them.
MDARD determines that a species is invasive by utilizing the Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) set out by the United States Department of Agriculture. The WRA reviews scientific literature to determine the likelihood of a plant becoming established and spreading. It also examines the potential impacts that the species might have on the environment, human health, and production systems.
Once a species is identified as invasive, MDARD classifies the species as either restricted or prohibited. Restricted species are those that are established in the state and have the potential to harm human health or to severely harm natural and agricultural resources. Prohibited species are those that are not widely distributed in the state and have the potential to harm human health or to severely harm natural and agricultural resources.
On May 20, 2026, Michigan’s Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) added six invasive species to the list of prohibited and restricted species. The new invasive species include the water-hyacinth, water lettuce, Japanese barberry, glossy buckthorn, callery pear, and common buckthorn.
The water-hyacinth and water lettuce were classified as prohibited species because they are non-native and have a high risk of being a major invader. They also have a high potential to cause harm to human health or to severely harm natural and agricultural resources. The Japanese barberry, glossy buckthorn, callery pear, and common buckthorn were classified as restricted species because they are distributed in Michigan and have a high risk of being a major invader. They also have a high potential to cause harm to human health or to severely harm natural and agricultural resources.
The prohibited species are restricted 30 days after the order is signed. The water-hyacinth and water lettuce will be restricted starting June 19, 2026. The restricted species, Japanese barberry, glossy buckthorn, callery pear, and common buckthorn, will be restricted beginning January 1, 2028.
Know your plants! Otherwise, you could land on law enforcement’s radar and possibly face serious consequences. At the Law Office of John Freeman, we can help if you run into a problem. Contact us today.
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